SOLVED PROBLEMS ON COMBINATIONS

Problem 1 :

There are 5 teachers and 20 students. Out of them a committee of 2 teachers and 3 students is to be formed. Find the number of ways in which this can be done. Further find in how many of these committees

(i) a particular teacher is included?

(ii) a particular student is excluded?

Solution :

Number of ways in which the commitee can be formed  =  

5C2 ⋅  20C3

(i) a particular teacher is included?

When a particular teacher always included, it is enough to select the remaining 1 teacher out of 4 teachers.

Total number of ways  4C1 ⋅  20C3.

(ii) a particular student is excluded?

When a particular student always excluded, it is enough to select the remaining 2 students out of 19 students.

Total number of ways 5C2 ⋅  19C3.

Problem 2 :

In an examination a student has to answer 5 questions, out of 9 questions in which 2 are compulsory. In how many ways a student can he answer the questions?

Solution :

Total number of questions = 9.

Number of questions must be answered = 2.

Number of questions to be answered = 5.

Number of ways to answer the questions :

7C3

  =  35

Problem 3 :

Determine the number of 5 card combinations out of a deck of 52 cards if there is exactly three aces in each combination.

Solution :

Total number of cards in a deck = 52

Number of ace cards = 4

Number of cards to be selected = 5

Here we must select 3 ace cards out of 4 and 2 other cards out of 48.

Number of ways :

4C⋅  48C2

= 4 ⋅ [(48 ⋅ 47)/2]

= 4(1128)

= 4512

Hence the total number of ways is 4512.

Problem 4 :

Find the number of ways of forming a committee of 5 members out of 7 Indians and 5 Americans, so that always Indians will be the majority in the committee.

Solution :

7 Indians

5 Americans

Committee to be formed

5

4

3

0

1

2

5

5

5

Number of ways = (7C⋅  5C0) + (7C⋅  5C1) + (7C⋅  5C2)

  = (21 ⋅ 1) +  (35 ⋅ 5)  + (35 ⋅ 10)

=  21 + 175 + 350 

= 546

Hence the required number of ways is 546.

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