THREE DIMENSIONAL FIGURE VOCABULARY

In geometry, a three-dimensional figure is a solid figure or an object or shape with three dimensions – length, width and height. Unlike two-dimensional shapes, three-dimensional shapes have thickness or depth.

The attributes of a three-dimensional figure are faces, edges and vertices. The three dimensions compose the edges of a 3D geometric shape.

Three-Dimensional Figures Vocabulary

Faces : 

The flat surfaces of the 3D shapes are called the faces.

Edge : 

The line segment where two faces meet is called an edge.

Vertex : 

A vertex is a point where 3 edges meet.

Cross Section : 

A cross section is the intersection of a three-dimensional figure and a plane. Imagine a plane slicing through the pyramid shown, or through a cone or a prism.

The figure given below shows the intersection of a cone and a plane. The cross section is a circle.

Solid of Revolution :

A solid of revolution is a three-dimensional figure that is formed by rotating a two-dimensional shape around an axis. The line around which the shape is rotated is called the axis of revolution. 

For example, when you rotate a rectangle around a line that contains one of its sides, the solid of revolution that is produced is a cylinder.

Sphere :

A Sphere is a set of points in space that are the same distance from a given point. 

A very good example we can say for spherical shaped solid is globe. Ball is another good example for spherical shaped solid.

The size of this kind of solid is depending upon the length of the radius. If the the radius is more the size will be more. If the radius is less the size of the solid would be less.

Cylinder : 

A cylinder is a solid with congruent parallel circular bases connected by a curved surface.

A soda can, a pencil shaft and a can of soup are the real life examples of the shape cylinder.

Cone : 

A cone is a solid with circular base curved by a curved surface to a single vertex. 

An ice cream cone, a pencil tip and a mega phone are the real life examples of the shape cone.

Prism and Pyramid :

A prism is a polyhedron with two parallel, congruent faces called bases. 

A pyramid is also a polyhedron with one base that is any polygon. Its other faces are triangles. 

Prisms and pyramids are named by the shapes of their bases.  

Cube :

A cube is a right rectangular prism where each face is a square.

A sugar cube, ice cubes and dice are the real life examples of the shape cube.

Cuboid :

A cuboid is a three-dimensional shape with a length, width, and a height. The cuboid shape has six sides or faces which are rectangles and squares. 

A pencil box, fish tank are the real life examples of the shape cuboid.

Triangular Prism : 

Triangle prism is a three dimensional figure with two parallel congruent triangular bases. 

Triangular Pyramid : 

Triangular pyramid is a polyhedron with one triangular base. Its other faces are also triangles. 

Rectangular Pyramid : 

Rectangular pyramid is a polyhedron with one rectangular base. Its other faces are triangles. 

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